Tax reform for human development in Central America

Tax revenue in Central American countries accounts for just 13.5%
of their gross domestic product; and the resultant resource shortage means
insufficient and low-quality public expenditure, and chronic fiscal deficits
financed through borrowing. In 2003 interest payments absorbed an
average of 18% of the subregion's total tax revenue. In these open
economies, whose enterprises need to become more internationally
competitive, fiscal policy is crucial both for financing the necessary physical
and social infrastructure and for combating the poverty that still afflicts
roughly 40% of the population. The economic development of Central
America therefore needs second-generation reforms to modernize its tax
systems, in order to increase revenue by about four percentage points of GDP.